[Published in The Economist, April 2012]
On 23 April, the presumed birthday of William Shakespeare, Globe to Globe launched at Shakespeare's Globe on London's Bankside. It's the most ambitious programme of work the theatre has ever staged, with 37 companies from around the world performing all 37 of the Bard's plays over the course of six hectic weeks.
The team at the Globe, led by artistic director Dominic Dromgoole and programme director Tom Bird, have made some brave and inspired choices. The national theatres of Albania, Macedonia and Serbia, for example, are performing a Balkan trilogy of the Henry VI plays, the first time the dramas will be staged at Shakespeare's Globe. Belarus Free Theatre, a company banned in Belarus and run by artists with political refugee status in the UK, will be presenting King Lear in Belarusian. The South Sudan Theatre Company, a group specially formed for Globe to Globe, will represent the world's newest nation state with a Juba Arabic production of Cymbeline; it will be the first ever Shakespeare play in Juba Arabic. The list goes on.
It's an undeniably exciting undertaking, both for Shakespeare afficionados and for migrant communities in London who are rarely given the opportunity to celebrate their culture on such a high profile platform. But not every element of the programme has been well received. The Globe has received two open letters regarding the involvement of Israeli national theatre company Habima, which is scheduled to perform The Merchant of Venice in Hebrew in May.
The first, from Boycott from Within, a campaign group comprising “Palestinians, Jews, citizens of Israel” argues that by programming Habima, the theatre is condoning the company's practice of performing in illegal Israeli settlements in the West Bank. The second was sent to the Guardian newspaper by a group of British theatremakers including the actor Mark Rylance, founding artistic director of Shakespeare's Globe. It calls upon the theatre to withdraw Habima's invitation altogether.
In a statement issued in response to Boycott from Within (no further statement has been made since the Rylance letter was published), The Globe commented that the festival will be “a celebration of languages” rather than “a celebration of nations or states”. As Habima is the best known Hebrew language theatre company in the world, the company's involvement in Globe to Globe is appropriate, the statement continued. Once you start actively excluding companies, it asked, where do you stop?
While most of us will share The Globe's feeling that “people meeting and talking and exchanging views is preferable to isolation and silence”, there is arguably something disingenuous – or naïve, or both – about the way in which the theatre has defended its decision. For many of the companies taking part in Globe to Globe – including Habima, whose general manager Odelia Friedman decribed the company's invitation as “an honorable accomplishment for the State of Israel” – language and national or cultural identity are inextricably bound. Whether the team at the Globe intend it to be or not, involvement in a festival of this stature is a stamp of approval for what a culture is projecting about itself.
Ashtar Theatre, which will be performing Richard II in Palestinian Arabic, is a particularly pertinent example. Iman Aoun, the Ramallah-based company's artistic director, points out that “theatre is a strong tool for raising awareness...We are ambassadors of our people and ambassadors of our culture and the stories of our people: how they live and how they struggle for their being...No matter how hard it is here for us as Palestinians under Occupation, Palestinian theatre and Palestinian culture are really able to compete on the world stage”.
Ms Aoun was reticent to discuss Habima when initially interviewed: the director is weary of outsiders considering Ashtar in the light of its relationship to Habima rather than in its own right. But since the publication of the letter in the Guardian last month and the issue being debated in the international media, she has agreed to be quoted: “It is a relief to know that some UK artists are supporting our cause and the boycott campaign. In fact they are playing an important role in raising public awareness about the atrocities of Israel and its apartheid regime.”
Of course The Globe actively included some companies and actively excluded others. The Balkan trilogy is a fascinating piece of programming because of the region's complex, tragic past; substituting a French national theatre company for the Albanian one would have made for a far less interesting story. Putting Habima and Ashtar Theatre on the same bill is no different. The question is, why is the Globe trying to pretend that politics and theatre have nothing to do with each other, when it's obvious to all concerned that they do.
© Jo Caird
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